Outstanding Building
--Anti-seismic, Anti-typhoon Timberwork Building Design Competition
Instructions for designed works
Membership: Dong Weibo; Li Zhi; Wu Yuxuan; Guo Zhaoxia; Zhu Wanrong; Gong Xinyuan.
Advisor: Gao Ying
Group’s Name: Timberwork group, Beijing Forestry University (BJFU)
 

Instructions for Designed Works
1. Design Basis:
1.1 Natural Condition
The design is proposed to be constructed in Putian region, Fujian Province, which located in the central coastal region of Fujian province, and situated at between east longitude 118 ° 27' and 118 ° 56 ', northern latitude 25 °11' to 25 ° 43', where the annual sunlight period has been averaging 1935.5 hours. Terrain within the borders is mainly hills, altitude is lower than 500 m, and underground soil is mostly ooze. Putian region has a climate of subtropical marine monsoon whose annual average rainfall is 1300-2300 mm, annual average temperature is 20.2 ℃, and annual average wind speed is 2.6 m/s. Wind mostly direct from north and northeast.
 
1.2 Design Overview
The design overview is indicated as Table 1.1.
Table 1.1 Design Overview Table

Structural System	Beam Column Type
Security Level	II
Ground Category	II
Design Level of Foundation	Second
Ground Roughness	Category B
Seismic Fortification Category	Third
Seismic Fortification Intensity	8 degree (Group 3#)
Earthquake Acceleration	0.2 g
Eigenperiod	0.45 s
Basic Wind Pressure	0.7 kN (Fifty years)

 
1.3 Specifications & Standards
The design is based on:

Timberwork Design Specifications                                                                     GB50005-2003
Architectural Structure Loading Specifications                                                  GB50009-2012
Buildings Anti-seismic Design Specifications                                                     GB50011-2010
Seismic Fortification Classification Criterion for Architectural Engineering    GB50223-2008
Unified Standards for Reliability Design of Engineering Structures                  GB50153-2008
Design Terms & Symbol Standards for Architectural Structures                       GB/T50083-97
Basic Terms & Universal Symbol for Engineering Structures                            GBJ132-90
 
1.4 Calculating Software of Structure
The design applies architectural structure design software SAP2000 published by CSI USA, which respectively conducts simulation and calculation for structure under ten cases combination of working condition. (Detailed working conditions refer to Seismic Design Manual)
 
2. Building’s Design Details
The building long 12.14m, width 9.14m, high 9.12m, with a total gross floor area of ​​220㎡.
Suppose that the housing tenant with a family of five - a couple, one child and one pair of elders. Based on the families’ number and needs of room to design the house into a model of four bedrooms, two living rooms and three bathrooms. First floor high 2.73m where placed an elder’s room, guest room, living room, dining room, kitchen, laundry room, bathroom and sundries’ room with a building area of ​​110㎡. Second floor high 2.73m where placed a master bedroom, children's room, study, working room, entertainment room, cloakroom and main & sub-bathroom with a building area of ​​110㎡. Roof truss high 2.67m with no person climbing on. In order to enable the daily activities for the elders, so place the elder’s room in the southwest corner of first floor. Taking into account of lighting and security, children's room therefore being placed in the southwest corner of the second floor without balcony settled; Master bedroom is placed in the southeast corner with a main bathroom, cloakroom and balcony settled.
The design is reasonably allocated of spaces, easy-to-use of functions, smoothly dynamic designed and meet the needs of households.
Plane figure, vertical view and effect picture is as shown on picture 2.1~2.3.
 

Picture 2.1a Layout of first floor
餐廳Dining room; 客廳Living room; 廚房Kitchen; 玄關Hallway;衛(wèi)生間 Bathroom; 雜物間Sundries’ room; 儲藏室Storeroom;樓梯 Stair;客房 Guest room; 洗衣房Laundry room; 老人房Elder’s room;
Picture 2.1b Layout of second floor
主衛(wèi)Main bathroom; 娛樂間Entertainment room; 衣帽間Cloakroom; 陽臺Balcony; 次衛(wèi)Sub-bathroom; 樓梯Stair; 工作間Working room; 書房Study; 兒童房Children’s room;
 
Picture 2.2a Southern vertical view of house
Solar panel;
 
Picture 2.2b Northern vertical view of house
 
Picture 2.2c Western vertical view of house
 
Picture 2.2d Southern vertical view of house
 
Picture 2.3 House effect
 

3. Structure’s Design Details
The design applies post and beam timberwork construction system which relies on beams, columns and bracing to withstand the longitudinal and transverse loads.
3.1 Basic Design
The property of underground soil of Putian is mostly ooze which may results in easy soil liquefaction during an earthquake. In this case, primarily dig pile, place steel reinforcement cage and pour concrete forming pile foundation which is approx. 1m deep. Then pour reinforced concrete on pile foundation forming a strip foundation with width of 105mm and height of 450mm on which also embed anchor bolts.
3.2 Connection Mode
Joints of the structure of the design imitated the connection mode of steel connecting parts in Japanese modern post and beam system – SE (Safety Engineering) construction method which is a method that through anchor bolt to fastening connect the horizontal ground beam components at the very bottom with foundation and column. Between the beam and column of timberwork bearing frame is fixed using steel fittings. A post and beam timberwork structure connected with this construction method obtains a stable mechanical property and high structural strength.
3.3 Design of Components
Reference to Anti-seismic Design Manual.
4.  Material Selection
4.1 Material used for structure
The design uses Japanese cedar and Douglas fir lumber as the material used for structure. Elastic modulus, flexural strength, tensile strength parallel to grain, compression strength parallel to grain and size parameters of respective material as shown in Table 4.1-4.3.
 

Table 4.1 Dimension specification for material used for structure

Designation	Material	Size(mm)
Ground beam	Japanese cedar lumber	105*105
Column	Japanese cedar lumber	105*105
Beam	Douglas fir lumber	105*270
Secondary beam	Douglas fir lumber	105*180
Bracing	Douglas fir lumber	105*45
Purline	Douglas fir lumber	105*45
Rafter	Douglas fir lumber	105*45
Cladding board	OSB	1220*2440*12
	Paperbacked plasterboard	1220*2440*9.5

 
Table 4.2 Material properties (originated from Japanese Lumber Using Manual)

Designation	Density (g/c㎡)	Moisture Content (%)	Elastic Modulus (MPa)	Damping Ratio	Poisson’s Ratio	Flexural Strength (MPa)	Compression Strength Parallel to Grain (MPa)	Tensile Strength Parallel to Grain (MPa)
Douglas fir lumber	0.54	12	10000	0.05	0.3	28.2	22.2	17.7
Japanese cedar lumber	0.38	12	7330	0.05	0.4	22.2	17.7	13.5

 
Table 4.3 Properties of cladding material

Designation	Poisson’s Ratio	Elastic Modulus (MPa)	Density (g/c㎡)
OSB	0.25	1125	0.5
Plasterboard	0.24	3500	1.2

 

4.2 Materials used for construction
Respective parameters of the material used for construction involved in the design are as shown in Table 4.4 as below.

Component	Material	Dimension (mm)
Wall	Paperbacked plasterboard	1220*2440*9.5
	OSB	1220*2440*12
	Glass wool	105 (thickness)
	Breathing paper
	Crosser	20*100
	Stone material for outer wall	10 (thickness)
Floor	Glass wool	105 (thickness)
	OSB	1220*2440*12
	Reinforced Laminated Solid Wood Flooring	12 (thickness)
Ceiling	OSB	1220*2440*12
	Paperbacked plasterboard	1220*2440*9.5
Roofing	OSB	1220*2440*12
	Waterproof layer	10 (thickness)
	Solar panel
	Roofing tile
	Side flashing
	Downpipe

 
4.3 Connecting parts
The connecting parts used for the design are as shown in Picture 4.1 as below.

Picture 4.1 Timberwork Connecting Parts
 
Respective parameters of connecting parts are indicated in Table 4.5 as below.
Table 4.5 Parameter table of connecting parts

Designation	Material	Standards Accorded	Remark
Connecting parts for beam & column	Hot dip galvanized steel plate, which applies Q235 Class-D carbon structural steel.	Carbon Steel Structure, GB700	It is guaranteed for the certified tensile strength, elongation, yield point and the content of sulfur and phosphorus. The weight of galvanized layer is not lower than 275g/㎡.
Bolts	Q235 Class-D carbon structural steel.	Hexagon Bolt – Class A & B, GB5782, and Hexagon Bolt – Class C, GB5780	It is guaranteed for the certified tensile strength, elongation, yield point and the content of sulfur and phosphorus.

 

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