I. Background
The Yangtze River not only played an important role in the origin of Chinese civilization, but also has contributed a lot, and will continue contributing to China’s development. The Yangtze River has abundant hydro power resources, which account for 48% of Chinese economic hydropower potential. According to the 12^th Five-year Plan of renewable energy, China will construct hydropower bases in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and along the Jinsha River, which include 14 large hydropower projects such as Baihetan and Wudongde. According to the existing flood control plan, each dam must have flood control capacity reserved. According to flood operation, in order to cope with flood, reservoirs should clear flood storage before flood time, and should store water again for electricity generation at the end of flood period. Such flood operations will undoubtedly significantly influence the change of hydro rhythms which aquatic lives live on, and finally devastate the aquatic lives.
Meanwhile, with the exacerbation of climate change influence, precipitation characteristic of the Yangtze River and the Jinsha River might change at large temporal-spatial scale. Starting time, interval and runoff quantity of flood period will all change significantly. If we don’t analyze, research and cope with the influence of climate change, cascade reservoirs of the upper reaches of Yangtze River and the Jinsha River will be faced with a series of strong flood, water resource waste and high risk of operation.上海翻譯公司完成環(huán)境專業(yè)領(lǐng)域英文翻譯
 
II. Objectives
Based on simulation of different styles and scenarios by climate change models, establish statistical models of relationship between meteorological data and runoffs, and predict changing trend and flood risk of the Jinsha River runoffs in future; assess the influence of cascade reservoir operation on climate change; analyze adaptation of cascade reservoir operation under different flood control scenarios; put forward advice for the optimal operation and management of Jinsha River cascade reservoirs when addressing climate change.
 
III. Contents
Task 1:
Before September 30, 2013: complete the establishment of statistical models of relationship between meteorological data and runoffs of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.
Task 2:
Before October 31, 2013: complete the prediction of runoff changing trend under typical climate change scenarios.
Task 3:
Before December 31, 2013: complete the prediction of runoff changing trend under several climate change models and variable scenarios.
Task 4:
Before March 31, 2014: complete the analysis of adaptation of Jinsha River cascade reservoir operation, and put forward advice for the optimal operation and management of Jinsha River cascade reservoirs when addressing climate change.
 
IV. Outcomes
Outcomes corresponding to progress payment are respectively as follows:
When Task 1 is completed, analysis report of statistical model and its fitting ability should be presented.
When Task 2 is completed, analysis report of runoff prediction under typical climate change scenarios should be presented.
After receiving analysis report of runoff prediction under typical climate change scenarios, TNC will analyze and evaluate it with experts. If conclusion of the report does not conform to previous speculation, or in other words, the conclusion is that there will be no significant change in runoff and no decisive influence on Jinsha River cascade reservoir operation, this contract will be suspended after progress payment, and there will be no following research and payment.
 
Outcomes corresponding to final payment are respectively as follows:
When Task 3 is completed, analysis report of prediction of runoff changing trend with several climate change models and under variable scenarios should be presented.
When Task 4 is completed, final report of adaptation analysis of Jinsha River cascade reservoir operation and advice for optimal operation and management of Jinsha River cascade reservoirs should be presented.上海翻譯公司完成環(huán)境專業(yè)領(lǐng)域英文翻譯

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